Detection of stress corrosion cracking by sonic-ir technique

A designofexperiments approach to characterizing the effects of sonic ir variables authors. Detection is carried out with the help of air coupled ultrasonics in both through transmission and singled sided inspection. Development of a new processing technique of sequential temperature data after pulse heating for quantitative nondestructive testing authors. Ultrasonic nde methods for the detection and sizing of stress corrosion cracking scc n. In this study, practicability of the sonicir technique for the detection of stress corrosion cracking is experimentally investigated by using plate specimens. Yui izumi, hirotaka tanabe, tohru takmatsu1, takahide sakagami 168 lowcycle fatigue simulation in microscale to obtain fatigue behavior of bimodal al alloys. Sensors free fulltext multiwave and hybrid imaging. Based on the observations a technique was developed for characterization of dryness. This technique takes the advantage of the slight reduction of temperature of the material, when subjected to tension, while a small increase in temperature is observed when subjected to compressive stress. Detection of stress corrosion cracking by sonicir technique.

Spie 7292, sensors and smart structures technologies for civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems 2009, 72920q 30 march 2009. A designofexperiments approach to characterizing the effects of sonic ir variables. The art of ndt consists of dozens of methods, some classical, and some emerging. Recent advances in active infrared thermography for non. A multimode sensing system for corrosion detection. Mechanics of mechanically fastened joints in polymermatrix. Feasibility and test sensitivities were established using artificial.

Experimental results by the sonic ir are compared with other nondestructive testing techniques such as ultrasonic testing, liquid penetrant testing and eddy current testing. Microcontroller signal density stress prediction framework authors. These noncontact measurements are wellsuited for robotic inspection. The systems and procedures he developed were among the first that passed the epri qualification procedures for both manual and automated detection and sizing of igsccracks.

An optical cable carries the modified optical signal to a remote sensor for further transduction. Fatigue cracking is a progressive mechanism of material failure in which a crack initiates, often at a surface discontinuity, then propagates under repeated or fluctuating stress cycles figures. Stress corrosion cracking monitoring techniques intentionally did not focus on nondestructive examination nde technologies used for scc detection such as ultrasonic, nonlinear elastic wave spectroscopy, acoustic emission, guided wave, and eddy current nonnde technologies identified. In the coal mining process, the destabilization of loaded coal mass is a prerequisite for coal and rock dynamic disaster, and surface cracks of the coal and rock mass are important indicators, reflecting the current state of the coal body. Hand held ultrasonic sizing of stress corrosion cracking. To characterize the amount of epoxy, time of flight data was correlated with density and fiber volume fraction. Advanced comprehensive analysis tool for emerging vertical lift configurations.

Crack detection using sonic infrared imaging in steel structures. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Proceedings volume 6932 sensors and smart structures technologies for civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems 2008. The relationship between vibration level and minimum detectable defect size in sonic ir inspection.

All these techniques are 22 here analysed and numerous examples are provided for different damage scenarios and aerospace 23 components in order to identify the strength and limitations of each thermographic technique. The impact of scc on a material usually falls between dry cracking and the fatigue threshold of that material. Sensors and smart structures technologies for civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems, pg 504 17 may 2005. Investigation of nonlinear effects of coupling materials in sonic ir imaging authors. The interaction of a corrosive environment and tensile stress e. Proceedings of 7th international conference on nde in relation to structural integrity for nuclear and pressurized components. An investigation has been made of the suitability of thermosonics for the detection of stresscorrosion cracking in last stage steam turbine blades, one of. Detecting and imaging stress corrosion cracking in. Sonic ir imaging technique used was a short sound pulse 50 200 ms of high frequency typically 2040 khz ultrasonic welding generator power 1 kw. Detection of stress corrosion cracking by sonic ir technique. The required tensile stresses may be in the form of directly applied stresses or in the form of residual. Detecting and imaging stress corrosion cracking in stainless. Ultrasonic detection of plate cracks in railway wheels. It was concluded that there was no consensus on which method and which type of failure modes should be used to predict the strength of such joints.

Automatic crack detection method for loaded coal in vibration failure process pubmed. As the pace of industrial work and discovery intensifies and materials are utilized to their physical limits, the role of. Materials and processes for ndt technology, second. Review and assessment of techniques for monitoring. For thermosonics or sonic ir, vibrothermography, ultrasonically stimulated thermography, excitation is performed by an ultrasonic plasticwelding horn pressed against the testpiece. Stress corrosion cracking scc is the cracking induced from the combined influence of tensile stress and a corrosive environment. Other fields of application are the detection of corrosion and cracks 6, 1720 in metallic plates and timber, the identification of microcracks in plasma sprayed coatings being the only nondestructive technique capable of identifying such flaws, or the assessment of defective adhesion in bondlines. Structural sensing, health monitoring, and performance.

Of these four measurements only the thermocouple requires contact with the canister. Wassink cost benefit analysis tool incorporating 19109 probabilistic risk assessment for structural health monitoring j. The damage produced by scc is not always obvious to casual inspection, so failure can be both unexpected and catastrophic. The principle of crack detection by the sonic ir technique 49 is shown in figure 17, in which a short burst of high power acoustical energy is launched by an ultrasonic emitter. The sonic ir technique is a relatively new and thermalbased method for nde developed by researchers at wayne state university. This handbook is a comprehensive source of information on all aspects of nondestructive testing ndt, for use by professionals, educators, and most of all, by the practitioners of testing. Typical damage scenarios in aerospace components 44 include corrosion cracking, fatigue cracks, barely visible impact damage bvid, delaminations, 45 disbond, matrixfibre cracking, voids and core crushing. Stress corrosion cracking scc is a phenomenon where metals, when subjected to a combination of suitable loads, corrosive environment and susceptible metallurgy, develop crackclusters that may lead to a failure. Stress corrosion cracking detection using noncontact ultrasonic techniques article in corrosion science 78.

Investigation of nonlinear effects of coupling materials in sonic ir imaging. Vibrothermography, or sonic ir, is a nondestructive evaluation technique used to find surface and near surface defectssuch as cracks and delaminationsthrough observations of vibration. In addition it can be used to measure the effect of. The thermoelastic technique is used in evaluation of the stress distribution under load in. They demonstrated their approach on a sample that had a notch in the haz to simulate the presence of a crack. Experimental results by the sonicir are compared with other nondestructive testing techniques such as ultrasonic testing, liquid penetrant testing and eddy current testing. A reduction in max stress response by 20% or more will be used as an evaluation criterion to gauge success. Mechanics of mechanically fastened joints in polymer. His special achievements include ultrasonic inspection techniques for austenitic welds in stainless steel piping for intergranular stress corrosion cracking igscc. Both surface and subsurface cracks can be detected, especially small cracks, like stress corrosion cracking. The presence of microcracks, debonding, delamination, etc induce the material to behave in a nonlinear elastic fashion highlighted by the presence and amplitude of harmonics in the spectrum of the received signal when the sample is.

Excessive dynamic stress can lead to fatigue cracking, impact damage, spalling, or brinelling. Characterization of stress corrosion cracking using laser ultrasonics. Journal of non destructive testing and evaluation by. Other fields of application are the detection of corrosion and cracks 6, 1720 in metallic plates and timber, the identification of microcracks in plasma sprayed coatings being the only nondestructive technique capable of identifying such flaws, or the assessment of. Quantitative corrosion monitoring and detection using ultrasonic lamb waves grant a. Mechanism detection of stress corrosion cracking by. In this study, practicability of the sonic ir technique for the detection of stress corrosion cracking is experimentally investigated by using plate specimens. Nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves for stress monitoring in prestressing tendons for posttensioned concrete structures. Proceedings of the 7th international conference on nde in relation to structural integrity for nuclear and pressurized components. Structural sensing, health monitoring, and performance evaluation an extrinsic fiber optic sensor uses a measurand to modify optical properties at a point. G2mt labs uses stateoftheart technology for stress corrosion cracking scc inspection.

As the name implies, stress corrosion cracking 1 is intimately tied to stress levels in pipelines and scc can often go unnoticed to the naked eye while microscopic damage occurs underneath the surface. The detection technique they used is based on the acoustic echoes generated by defects along the propagation path of the wave. The method used a single short pulse of low frequency sound to serve as the excitation. The effectiveness of flaw detection caused by cracking using acoustic emission.

Corrosion under some special environmental conditions 4. A noncontact acoustothermal system for detecting incipient damage in a structure, said system comprising. Review of progress in quantitative nondestructive evaluation. The thermoelastic technique is used in evaluation of the stress distribution under load in materials and components.

Crack detection by sonic ir method using ultrasonic wave inputted through water. Low cost fabrication techniques for propulsion structures. The notch could be detected but so could the reflection from the back wall, the weld, and other reflectors. Sonic infrared imaging of fatigue cracks request pdf. Stress corrosion cracking detection using noncontact. The feasibility of the stress reduction method shall be assessed on whether an implementable controller can be designed to reduce the max component stress response resulting from the representative maneuvers. Proceedings volume 7292 sensors and smart structures technologies for civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems 2009. The results of experimental efforts established the feasibility of the detection of railway wheel plate cracks by an ultrasonic pulse echo testing technique from the tread surface.